# Syntax & Commands

{% hint style="info" %}
Strategies generated via the LLM-assisted builder must still conform to the syntax and execution model described below.
{% endhint %}

Below are **all the supported syntax, variables and functions** available when building trading strategies using the **WAKOS / memejob LUA Strategy Builder**.

The environment is a **sandboxed LUA DSL** designed for **safe, fast, deterministic backtesting and execution**. It is **not full LUA**.

Not all commands are required for every strategy; most strategies use a small subset of the primitives listed below.

### 1. Execution Model (Important)

Understanding the execution model is critical before writing strategies.

* The strategy script is executed **once per bar**
* Scripts are **stateless** by default (no memory across bars)
* The engine manages: Positions and Order execution
* Your script expresses **intent** via return values

#### Return Values

```lua
return 1   -- Buy / Long / Add (DCA)
return -1  -- Exit or Short (engine-defined)
return 0   -- Do nothing / Hold
```

### 2. Supported Lua Syntax

The strategy builder supports a **subset of LUA**.

#### ✅ Supported commands

* `local` variable declarations
* Numeric arithmetic: `+ - * /`
* Comparisons: `> < >= <= ==`
* Boolean logic: `and`, `or`
* Conditional blocks: `if / elseif / end`
* Single-return strategy flow

Example:

```lua
local e21 = ema(21)

if close < e21 then
    return 1
elseif close > e21 then
    return -1
end

return 0
```

#### ❌ Not Supported (by design)

* Loops (`for`, `while`)
* Functions
* Tables / arrays
* Persistent state across bars
* LUA standard libraries (`math.*`, `string.*`, etc.)

### 3. Core Market Data Variables

All market data variables are instances of **`ValueWithHistory`**.

They support:

* Direct access (`close`)
* Historical indexing (`close[1]`, `close[2]`)

#### Price Variables

| Variable | Description                   |
| -------- | ----------------------------- |
| `open`   | Opening price of current bar  |
| `high`   | Highest price of current bar  |
| `low`    | Lowest price of current bar   |
| `close`  | Closing price of current bar  |
| `volume` | Trading volume of current bar |

Example:

```lua
local current = close
local previous = close[1]

if close > close[1] then
    return 1
end
```

### 4. Derived Price Variables

Calculated prices derived from OHLC values.

| Variable | Formula                          | Description          |
| -------- | -------------------------------- | -------------------- |
| `hl2`    | (high + low) / 2                 | Mid price            |
| `hlc3`   | (high + low + close) / 3         | Typical price        |
| `hlcc4`  | (high + low + close + close) / 4 | Close-weighted price |

All support historical indexing.

Example:

```lua
if hlc3 > hlc3[1] then
    return 1
end
```

### 5. Bar Event Context (`ev`)

The global `ev` table provides context about the current bar event.

#### Fields

| Field         | Type   | Description                      |
| ------------- | ------ | -------------------------------- |
| `ev.kind`     | string | `Opened`, `Updated`, or `Closed` |
| `ev.bar_span` | number | Bar interval in minutes          |

Example:

```lua
if ev.kind == "Closed" then
    return 0
end
```

### 6. Moving Average Indicators (Module MA)

#### EMA – Exponential Moving Average

```lua
ema(periods[, window="1m"])
```

Parameters:

* `periods` (number, required)
* `window` (string | number, optional)

Examples:

```lua
local e3 = ema(3)
local e21 = ema(21, "15m")
local e55 = ema(55, 60)
```

Asset-specific EMA:

```lua
local btc_ema = ema("BTC", 14, "15m")
```

***

#### SMA – Simple Moving Average

```lua
sma(window[, resolution="1m"])
```

Examples:

```lua
local sma_15m = sma("15m")
local sma_1h = sma("1h", "5m")
```

***

#### WMA – Weighted Moving Average

```lua
wma(periods, window, weights)
```

Examples:

```lua
local wma_val = wma(14, "15m", 14)
```

***

#### MACD – Moving Average Convergence Divergence

```lua
macd([small_periods=12[, large_periods=26[, window="1m"]]])
```

Examples:

```lua
local m = macd()
local m_fast = macd(9, 21, "15m")
```

> Note: MACD always uses the **primary asset**.


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